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Preparation and characterization of nanocrystalline cellulose via low-intensity ultrasonic-assisted sulfuric acid hydrolysis
來源:唐艷軍教授個人網(wǎng)站 發(fā)布日期:2014-11-12
作者:Yanjun Tang, Shujie Yang, Nan Zhang, Junhua Zhang
關(guān)鍵字:anocrystalline cellulose ,Sulfuric acid hydrolysis,Ultrasonic treatment,Yield,Microstructure
論文來源:期刊
具體來源:Cellulose
發(fā)表時間:2014年
Nanocrystalline cellulose (NCC) was extracted from microcrystalline cellulose via low-intensity ultrasonic-assisted sulfuric acid hydrolysis process. NCC samples were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), particle size distribution (PSD) analysis, Fourier-transformed infrared spectra (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and rheological measurement. It was found that NCC yield reached 40.4 % under the optimum process of low-intensity ultrasonic-assisted sulfuric acid hydrolysis, while it was only 33.0 % in the absence of ultrasonic treatment. Furthermore, the results showed that the two NCC samples obtained from ultrasonic-assisted hydrolysis and conventional hydrolysis were very similar in morphology, both exhibiting rod-like structures with widths and lengths of 10–20 and 50–150 nm, respectively. XRD result revealed that the NCC sample from ultrasonic-assisted hydrolysis contained a small amount of cellulose II and possessed a Segal Crystallinity Index of 90.38 % and a crystallite size of 58.99 ?, higher than those of the NCC sample from conventional hydrolysis. Moreover, PSD analysis demonstrated that the former exhibited a smaller value in average particle size than the latter. In addition, rheological measurements showed that the NCC suspensions from the ultrasonic-assisted process exhibited a lower viscosity over the range of shear rate from 0.1 to 100 s?1 in comparison with that prepared in the absence of ultrasonic treatment.
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