Interfacial architecting of long-acting hyperbranched flame retardant with high efficiency towards smoke-suppressed flexible polyurethane foam
作者：Dan Meng
關鍵字：Foams，Wear，Analytical modeling，Interfacial interaction
論文來源：期刊
發表時間：2023年
The incorporation of flame retardants (FRs) is often applied to reduce the fire risk of flexible polyurethane foam (FPUF), however, the addition of FRs usually brings mechanical loss, and the emigration of FRs during service life results in a decrease in flame retardancy. In this work, a hyperbranched FR (HPNP) containing nitrogen and phosphorous was synthesized via transesterification between dimethyl methyl phosphonate (DMMP) and triethanolamine. The distribution of HNPN in FPUF was simulated by the Materials Studio software. The flammability was characterized by the open flame test, horizontal combustion test, limiting oxygen index (LOI) and cone calorimeter test. The FPUF sample containing only 4 wt% HPNP self-extinguished immediately after the removal of the ignitor. For the FPUF containing 8 wt% HPNP sample, the LOI was increased to 26.3% from 17.9%. The total heat release and total smoke production were reduced by 65% and 75%, respectively compared to that of the control FPUF sample. More importantly, the radical trapping action in the gas phase and the charring promotion in the condensed phase were simulated and verified based on the experimental data. Furthermore, the interfacial energy calculation and molecular dynamics simulation suggested that the improved compatibility of FPUF/HPNP resulted in the superior durability of HPNP in FPUF. In addition, the FPUF samples containing HPNP also showed enhanced mechanical properties. It was expected the hyperbranched HPNP would be an ideal additive to produce flame retardant FPUF with excellent comprehensive performance.
阻燃劑（FRs）的摻入通常用于降低軟質聚氨酯泡沫（FPUF）的火災風險，然而，FRs的添加通常會帶來機械損失，并且FRs在使用壽命期間的遷移導致阻燃性降低. 在這項工作中，通過甲基膦酸二甲酯 (DMMP) 和三乙醇胺之間的酯交換反應合成了一種含有氮和磷的超支化 阻燃劑(HPNP)。FPUF 中 HNPN 的分布由 Materials Studio 軟件模擬?？扇夹酝ㄟ^明火試驗、水平燃燒試驗、極限氧指數（LOI）和錐形量熱儀試驗表征。僅包含 4 wt% HPNP 的 FPUF 樣品在移除點火器后立即自熄。對于含有 8 wt% HPNP 樣品的 FPUF，LOI 增加到 26.3% 從 17.9%。與對照 FPUF 樣品相比，總熱釋放量和總煙氣產生量分別減少了 65% 和 75%。更重要的是，根據實驗數據模擬驗證了氣相中的自由基捕集作用和凝聚相中的炭化促進作用。此外，界面能計算和分子動力學模擬表明，FPUF/HPNP 相容性的提高導致 HPNP 在 FPUF 中具有優異的耐久性。此外，含有 HPNP 的 FPUF 樣品還表現出增強的機械性能。超支化HPNP有望成為生產綜合性能優異的阻燃FPUF的理想添加劑。